{pkgs, ...}: let
  # 1. The Brain: Logic to find a window or launch a new one
  hakase-launch-or-focus = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-launch-or-focus" ''
    if (($# == 0)); then
      echo "Usage: hakase-launch-or-focus [window-pattern] [launch-command]"
      exit 1
    fi

    WINDOW_PATTERN="$1"
    # Escaped Nix interpolation for shell default value logic
    LAUNCH_COMMAND="''${2:-"uwsm-app -- $WINDOW_PATTERN"}"

    # Locate window address via hyprctl and jq
    WINDOW_ADDRESS=$(${pkgs.hyprland}/bin/hyprctl clients -j | ${pkgs.jq}/bin/jq -r --arg p "$WINDOW_PATTERN" \
      '.[] | select((.class | test("\\b" + $p + "\\b"; "i")) or (.title | test("\\b" + $p + "\\b"; "i"))) | .address' | head -n1)

    if [[ -n $WINDOW_ADDRESS ]]; then
      # If found, focus the existing window
      ${pkgs.hyprland}/bin/hyprctl dispatch focuswindow "address:$WINDOW_ADDRESS"
    else
      # If not found, execute the launch command
      eval exec setsid $LAUNCH_COMMAND
    fi
  '';

  hakase-launch-tui = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-launch-tui" ''
    APP_NAME=$(basename "$1")
    # Using org.hakase prefix so the focus script can find it via class name
    exec setsid uwsm-app -- xdg-terminal-exec --app-id=org.hakase."$APP_NAME" -e "$@"
  '';

  hakase-focus-wrapper = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-focus-wrapper" ''
    APP_NAME=$(basename "$1")
    WINDOW_PATTERN="org.hakase.$APP_NAME"
    LAUNCH_CMD="hakase-launch-tui $*"

    exec hakase-launch-or-focus "$WINDOW_PATTERN" "$LAUNCH_CMD"
  '';

  hakase-launch-wifi = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-launch-wifi" ''
    # Unblock the WiFi radio (requires appropriate user groups/permissions)
    # ${pkgs.util-linux}/bin/rfkill unblock wifi

    # Use the focus wrapper to launch or switch to Impala
    exec hakase-focus-wrapper impala
  '';

  hakase-launch-bluetooth =
    pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-launch-bluetooth"
    ''
      # ${pkgs.util-linux}/bin/rfkill unblock wifi
        exec hakase-focus-wrapper bluetui

    '';
  hakase-launch-popup = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-launch-popup" ''
    if (($# == 0)); then
      echo "Usage: hakase-launch-popup [command]"
      exit 1
    fi

    CMD_NAME=$(basename "$1")
    # Define a specific class for popups so Hyprland rules can catch them
    CLASS_NAME="org.hakase.popup.$CMD_NAME"

    # Check if already running; if so, toggle/close it
    EXISTING_ADDR=$(${pkgs.hyprland}/bin/hyprctl clients -j | ${pkgs.jq}/bin/jq -r --arg c "$CLASS_NAME" '.[] | select(.class == $c) | .address')

    if [[ -n "$EXISTING_ADDR" ]]; then
      ${pkgs.hyprland}/bin/hyprctl dispatch closewindow "address:$EXISTING_ADDR"
      exit 0
    fi

    # Launch the application
    # We use setsid to detach, but keep the PID to kill it later
    xdg-terminal-exec --app-id="$CLASS_NAME" -e "$@" &
    APP_PID=$!

    # Wait for the window to appear and grab its address
    TIMEOUT=0
    WINDOW_ADDR=""
    while [[ -z "$WINDOW_ADDR" && $TIMEOUT -lt 20 ]]; do
      sleep 0.1
      WINDOW_ADDR=$(${pkgs.hyprland}/bin/hyprctl clients -j | ${pkgs.jq}/bin/jq -r --arg c "$CLASS_NAME" '.[] | select(.class == $c) | .address')
      ((TIMEOUT++))
    done

    if [[ -z "$WINDOW_ADDR" ]]; then
      echo "Failed to find window for $CLASS_NAME"
      exit 1
    fi

    # Monitor Hyprland socket for focus changes
    # We use socat to stream events. If activewindow changes to something else, kill the app.
    ${pkgs.socat}/bin/socat -U - UNIX-CONNECT:"$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/hypr/$HYPRLAND_INSTANCE_SIGNATURE/.socket2.sock" | while read -r line; do
      if [[ "$line" == "activewindow>>"* ]]; then
        # Extract the new focused address
        NEW_FOCUS="0x$(echo "$line" | cut -d '>' -f3 | cut -d ',' -f1)"

        # If the new focus is NOT our popup window, kill the popup
        if [[ "$WINDOW_ADDR" != "$NEW_FOCUS" ]]; then
           kill "$APP_PID" 2>/dev/null
           # Also force close in Hyprland to be sure
           ${pkgs.hyprland}/bin/hyprctl dispatch closewindow "address:$WINDOW_ADDR"
           break
        fi
      fi
    done
  '';

  # 2. Specific Launchers using the Popup logic
  hakase-popup-wifi = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-popup-wifi" ''
    exec hakase-launch-popup impala
  '';

  hakase-popup-bluetooth = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-popup-bluetooth" ''
    exec hakase-launch-popup bluetui
  '';

  hakase-popup-volume = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "hakase-popup-volume" ''
    exec hakase-launch-popup wiremix
  '';
in {
  environment.systemPackages = [
    pkgs.jq
    pkgs.socat # Required for the socket listener
    pkgs.util-linux
    pkgs.bluetui
    pkgs.impala
    pkgs.wiremix
    pkgs.pamixer

    hakase-launch-popup
    hakase-popup-wifi
    hakase-popup-bluetooth
    hakase-popup-volume

    hakase-launch-or-focus
    hakase-launch-tui
    hakase-focus-wrapper
    hakase-launch-wifi
    hakase-launch-bluetooth
  ];
}